This Report presents Japan’s institutional arrangements for the national greenhouse gas inventory preparation, the estimation methods of greenhouse gas emissions and removals from sources and sinks, the trends in emissions and removals for greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide (CO2); methane (CH4); nitrous oxide (N2); hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs); perfluorocarbons (PFCs); sulfur hexafluoride (SF6); and nitrogen trifluoride (NF3)) from 1990 to 2018, in accordance with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and relevant decisions.